Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children

Section 1. Epidemiology and pathophysiology
1. Anatomy of upper airway
2. Regulation of upper airway during sleep
3. Socioeconomic disparities in pediatric sleep disordered breathing
4. Cerebral oxygenation in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
5. Genetics of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
6. Neurobehavioral outcomes of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
7. Quality of life outcomes of pediatric obstructie sleep apnea
8. Cardiovascular complications of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
9. Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: high-risk groups
10. Growth and development in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

Section 2. Evaluation
11. Symptoms and signs of upper airway obstruction
12. Polysomnography for evalution of upper airway obstruction
13. Imaging upper airway obstruction in obstructive sleep apnea
14. PEdiatric drug-induced sleep endoscopy
15. Questionnaires for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
16. Technology applications for detection of upper airway obstructive

Section 3. Management
17. Adenotonsillectomy
18. Surgical management of obstructive sleep apnea following adenotonsillectomy
19. Maxillofacial procedures
20. Positional therapy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
21. Orofacial myofunctional therapy for pediatric sleep disordered breathing
22. Antiinflamatory therapy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
23. Positive airway pressure therapy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
24. Clinical guidelines for the management of pediatric obstructie sleep apnea
25. Comorbid asthma in children with pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

Section 4. Special cases/controversies
26. Obstructive sleep apnea in infancy: evaluation and management
27. Obstructive sleep apnea and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
28. Home sleep studies
29. Severe, very severe, and extreme obstructive sleep apnea: principles of management
30. Sleep-related hypoxemia in children
31. Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome
32. Obstructive sleep apnea in adolescents
33. Hypoglossal nere stimulation
34. Future directions

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• Medicina respiratória
• Medicina pediátrica

Sleep disordered breathing; pediatric sleep disordered breathing; obstructive sleep apnea; adenotonsillectomy; snoring; upper airway; upper airway obstruction